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These are all original case digests or case briefs done while the author was studying law school in the Philippines.

Hopefully these digested cases will help you get a good grasp of the salient facts and rulings of the Supreme Court in order to have a better understanding of Philippine Jurisprudence.

Please forgive any typo/grammatical errors as these were done while trying to keep up with the hectic demands brought about by the study of law.

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Tuesday, October 17, 2017

Calasanz vs CIR 144 SCRA 664


Facts:
Ursula Calasanz inherited from her father an agricultural land. Improvements were introduced to make such land saleable and later in it was sold to the public at a profit. The Revenue examiner adjudged Ursula and her spouse as engaged in business as real estate dealers and required them to pay the real estate dealer’s tax.

Issue:
Whether or not the gains realized from the sale of the lots are taxable in full as ordinary income or capital gains taxable at capital gain rates

Ruling:
They are taxable as ordinary income. The activities of Calasanz are indistinguishable from those invariably employed by one engaged in the business of selling real estate. One strong factor is the business element of development which is very much in evidence. They did not sell the land in the condition in which they acquired it. Inherited land which an heir subdivides and makes improvements several times higher than the original cost of the land is not a capital asset but an ordinary asses. Thus, in the course of selling the subdivided lots, they engaged in the real estate business and accordingly the gains from the sale of the lots are ordinary income taxable in full. 

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